Although glutathione is the strongest natural antioxidant, it can offer our body much more than that. Increasing its levels and supplementing it allow us to obtain a whole range of health benefits, while also supporting efforts to improve the figure.
Glutathione – general functions
Glutathione is an organic chemical compound, more precisely a tripeptide composed of residues of the amino acids glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. It is also one of the most important molecules for almost every cell in the body. Most often, however, it is credited with strong antioxidant properties, and this is the topic usually discussed in industry publications.
Cells without adequate availability of this compound are damaged more often, and without it they would simply die. Fortunately, the body is able to produce it on its own. However, synthesis and use take place continuously, so it is essentially in constant circulation. It is also resistant to enzymatic breakdown inside the cell, i.e. proteolysis.
It is worth knowing that despite its ability to be synthesized, in specific circumstances we need much more of it - for example, under heavy strain, in states of chronic stress or during illness.
The fact that it is called the king of antioxidants does not mean that it is the only thing it has to offer. Of course, its potential in this area is invaluable, and I will mention that too, but it is also worth learning about its other functions.
Numerous studies confirm that maintaining an adequate level of glutathione is correlated with a significant reduction in the risk of disease, more efficient muscle function, better bodily performance, as well as maintaining overall health and well-being. The flagship functions of the compound include:
- antioxidant action,
- immune support,
- supporting the detoxification process.
Glutathione as an antioxidant
Its action as an antioxidant can be divided into three different areas. First, it counteracts the oxidation of thiol groups in proteins. Second, it works with enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, which, among other things, catalyzes reactions involving superoxide radicals. Third, it improves the action of other antioxidants and regulates them.
As an interesting fact, it is worth noting that thanks to it, vitamin C that has been taken in and used is able to obtain the protons necessary for renewed antioxidant activity. In short, it turns from dehydroascorbic acid back into ascorbic acid.
Some experts stress that if we perfectly cared for glutathione levels and production, high doses of vitamin C would not be necessary. It is precisely its deficiency that causes both the vitamin mentioned and other antioxidants to be excreted from the body in urine instead of returning to circulation in active form. Taking large doses of vitamin C does not at all mean that we have a high level of it. Glutathione deficiency is a circumstance in which faster use and the lack of ability to recycle a component occur, one that could normally be used repeatedly (the glutathione-ascorbate cycle). So with GSH deficiency we may struggle with a deficiency of vitamin C. The same may be true for vitamin E.
In short, in a comprehensive sense, glutathione supports maintaining the balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant processes. It reduces the risk of diseases and cell and tissue damage that could result from the action of aggressive free radicals or other reactive oxygen species. Similarly, with increased oxidation of proteins and lipids.
Glutathione supports the body's detoxification
GSH is one of the more helpful compounds in the context of the detoxification mechanism. The fact is that not only an improper lifestyle, but also lower-quality food, often highly processed, or even environmental pollution, can contribute to a lower glutathione level. Fortunately, the body has also developed a mechanism that allows it to get rid of various toxins. You are surely aware that the main organ, and at the same time the engine of this entire mechanism, is the liver.
Studies confirm that a deficiency of GSH, as well as a predominance of pro-oxidant processes (an imbalance), significantly limit the organ's detoxification functions. In addition, the liver is one of the sources of our compound.
GSH is successfully used in detoxification therapies aimed at removing the effects of xenobiotics. Additionally, it supports the liver in removing, for example, leukotrienes, which are harmful endogenous compounds. Ensuring its proper level reduces toxin accumulation and improves their elimination.
Glutathione for immunity
The third flagship function of glutathione is supporting the immune system - strengthening it and boosting immunity. Studies and observations confirm a correlation between vitamin D3 and its deficiency, and the action of glutathione and improved immunity. Supplementing D3 in deficiency states led to a significant increase in GSH concentration.
Vitamin C is necessary for efficient production of the compound, despite the fact that glutathione leads to its recycling and reuse. The role
of vitamin D3 in immunology is quite well known.
Unfortunately, a very large percentage of the population struggles with its deficiency or is at the lower end of the range. Therefore, if immunity matters to us and there is a need for it, make sure to provide vitamin C, vitamin D3 (preferably together with K2 and A) and glutathione (e.g. a supplement containing it in a highly bioavailable liposomal form).
What else can glutathione help with?
- supports fighting pathogenic agents,
- limits cellular aging processes,
- may improve the condition of people struggling with chronic diseases,
- may support the fight against autoimmune diseases,
- thanks to its properties counteracting the oxidation of lipids and proteins, it may reduce the risk of diseases such as atherosclerosis, where the oxidation of fats and the production of lipid free radicals are commonplace,
- improves bodily performance and muscle function, positively affecting sports performance.
